Review Questions for Section I - Boy Scouts of America
For an organization based on women's empowerment, the past one-half-decade has been marred with a disturbing number of controversies and scandals for the Miss America Organization (MAO). Amid rebranding and restructuring, the competition program has faced allegations of misogyny, leadership changes, revoked funding and accusations of bullying.
With a proper name like Miss America, you would envision an organizational construction based on upholding the autonomous standards of America. Unfortunately, events in recent years accept put a much more than tyrannical face on the organization, tarnishing its reputation. Let'due south take a expect at some of the mean girls (and guys) causing some of the issues.
Sam Haskell Takes the Pageant Back to Atlantic City
After just ix months, Mallory Hagan passed on the Miss America title in September 2013 because of schedule and location changes. In an electronic mail exchange betwixt Sam Haskell, the pageant CEO, and his daughter, Mary Lane, the 2 expressed affection for Hagan.
Lane wrote, "Here's hoping you get another good i!" in reference to the upcoming Miss America 2014 circulate. Haskell replied, "Information technology's going to be difficult to replace Mallory, only I'm hopeful!" Meanwhile, Haskell was hoping the managing director of development at his product company, Brent Adams, would pursue a human relationship with his girl.
Haskell Turns on Hagan Because of Adams
While Mallory Hagan was the reigning Miss America, she spent fourth dimension at Haskell's dwelling house, where she met Brent Adams, who supervised most aspects of Haskell's business organization and personal life. Fearing the impact a romantic human relationship would have on their careers, they decided to appointment — but non until after she passed on the crown.
Haskell was vocal well-nigh his disappointment with this development and tried to convince Adams to forget about Hagan maxim, "All of this tin can exist yours. You don't demand a piece of trash like Mallory. You need someone with form and coin like my daughter."
Tammy Haddad Calls for Penalty of Dissenters
In May 2014, MAO board member Tammy Haddad wrote an email to Haskell encouraging him to avoid getting riled up past one-time Miss America. She referred to them equally a "pile of malcontents and has-beens who blame the program for not getting them where they retrieve they tin go."
She further commented, "80% of the winners exercise not take the form, smarts and model for success … Yous have to permit them go. You don't need them. They need you lot. We also have to punish them when they don't appreciate what we do for them."
Kate Shindle Takes Shots at Sam Haskell
Meanwhile, in 2014, Kate Shindle wrote her memoir about her experiences as Miss America 1998. Titled Being Miss America, the volume was set to be released in September, and she pointedly targeted Haskell. She expressed her objections to his $500,000 salary, despite MAO operating at a deficit.
Shindle also defendant Haskell of blacklisting anyone who disagreed with his leadership decisions. She alleged that he would have the national organization call the country-level pageants with a list of people they were not allowed to acquaintance with if they wanted to continue participating in Miss America.
Gretchen Carlson Stands Her Basis Against Haskell and Haddad
Gretchen Carlson, Miss America 1989, had a history of butting heads with Haskell and Haddad over her desire to modernize the organization and her refusal to attack contestants. In a 2014 email sent to former Miss Americas regarding Shindle's book, lath member Lynn Weidner asked, "Is it possible for each of you lot to speak out in defence of Sam and the organization?"
Carlson's reply was, "It's one thing to talk near your own personal experience as Miss America … merely totally different to attack people individually." In response, Haddad replied privately to Haskell, "Serpent, but now u accept no doubts every bit to her loyalty."
Things Get Ugly and Words Are Said
In 2014, Haskell wrote an e-mail to Lewis Friedman, writer of the Miss America telecast, requesting a script change: "Sharon [MAO President] and I have decided that when referring to a woman who was once Miss America, nosotros are no longer going to call her Forever Miss America … please modify all script copy to reflect that they are Former Miss Americas!"
Friedman replied, "I'd already inverse "Forever" to [the C-word]. Does that work for you?" Haskell responded, "Perfect…bahahaha." Writing to Haskell, Friedman commented that Mallory was "preparing for her new career every bit a blimp in the Macy's Thanksgiving Parade."
Haddad Plots Confronting Carlson
Former Miss America Susan Powell replied to Weidner's e-mail with a supportive response. Haddad encouraged Haskell to use the email to annoy Carlson. "Why don't you read Susan Powell'due south email on the board call and say it'south a shame that just i Miss America has come frontwards to offer help in any fashion."
Carlson wasn't featured on the Miss America broadcast, which was unusual considering her prominence. Shortly later on that, she resigned from the MAO board, reportedly because Haskell and other board members were maligning her integrity and telling others she could not be trusted.
Lewis Friedman Has a Death Wish
In December 2014, onetime Miss America 1959, Mary Ann Mobley, passed away. Lewis Friedman sent an email of condolence to Sam Haskell writing, "And then sorry to hear about Mary Ann Mobley." Sounds nice, right? Except the subject line read: "It should take been Kate Shindle."
Haskell replied, "Thanks so much, Coach … fifty-fifty in my sadness, y'all tin make me express joy … how was the Kennedy Heart Honors? Love you and appreciate you! Sam." Friedman was a long-time screenwriter for the Kennedy Center Honors and had earned two Emmy Honor nominations for Outstanding Writing for his piece of work on them in 2010 and 2012.
Haskell & Visitor Grow More Petty
Sam Haskell and other lath members for the Miss America Organization continued to obsess over Mallory Hagan'southward relationship with Brent Adams in 2015. On January 25, Lynn Weidner sent a photo of Hagan with iii other "formers" to Haskell. His response was, "OMG, she is huge … and gross … why does he want that?????"
He and so forwarded the email to time to come lath COO and President Josh Randle and other MAO lath members along with the comment, "Expect at MH in this photograph … OMG … Why does he want that?" Tammy Haddad replied, "Mallory is barely recognizable."
Sam Haskell, Smashing or Victim?
Past the end of 2015, Haskell was feeling "viciously and cruelly" attacked by Hagan on a daily basis and wrote an email to Haddad, Weidner and others asking for help. Haddad replied, "I am so sorry. It is ridiculous, but she is not going to terminate. She has no control. I think you should rent an investigator to get something on her."
Haskell responded, "Threatening her won't piece of work, and we already have 'enough info on her' to shut down Ft. Knox … I really call back the all-time way is to shut downward her social media and convince the Formers to ostracize her."
Weidner Incriminates Herself in a Demolition Plot
While information technology is unclear how Mallory Hagan was allegedly attacking Sam Haskell, Tammy Haddad called them "inflammatory character attacks." Lynn Weidner referenced cyberbullying in her December electronic mail response to the group.
"I wish I had an easy reply to this dilemma. If nosotros tin can prove a direct connectedness between MH and specific instances of cyberbullying, nosotros could at least threaten her with a lawsuit, right? I do believe that our anti-coaching initiatives are already impacting her business and that our policy of ignoring her is driving her crazy!"
Catastrophe Hagan's Career
It appears that the national Miss America Arrangement established a policy against the utilise of coaches to straight target Hagan'due south business concern. After her reign, Hagan was working in New York equally a pageant coach for the interview portion of the competition.
The national system informed contestants that they would need approval from their local and state pageant directors to use a omnibus. Those pageant directors were then given an informal list of banned coaches that included Mallory Hagan's proper name on it. Before long, her concern dried up, and she had to return home to Alabama.
Whistleblowers or Insurrection Strategists
In August 2017, onetime Haskell employee, Brent Adams, and one-time MAO board member, Regina Hopper, decided to approach Dick Clark Productions with the previously cited emails. Dick Clark Production execs, Amy Thurlow and Marking Bracco, who also held seats on the Miss America board, met with the duo and thanked them for the emails and started their own investigation.
Thurlow and Bracco approached the board with the emails expecting decisive action, but they were met with ambivalence. Lewis Friedman remained the writer of the Miss America pageant telecast that September.
Failure to Act
Instead of taking action regarding the derogatory emails, the Miss America Organization had their law firm present Brent Adams with a end-and-desist letter: "Your deliberate actions establish a clear violation of the Non-Disclosure Agreement you knowingly and willfully entered into … the letter directed to the Chairman of the Lath of Dick Clark Productions, dated September thirteen, 2017, noticed usa of your illegal disclosure of information, which includes several internal e-mail communications."
Refusing to exist silenced, Adams and Hopper decided to contact the media with their testify. This led to the story breaking on HuffPost in December.
Dick Clark Productions Deals a Crippling Accident
Meanwhile, Dick Clark Productions was disgusted by the MAO board's conclusion to back up Haskell and Friedman and decided to end their agreement with the organisation. In a statement issued to HuffPost, the visitor stated:
"Several months ago, Dick Clark Productions was made aware of a portion of the emails. We were appalled past their unacceptable content and insisted, in the strongest possible terms, that the Miss America System lath of directors conduct a comprehensive investigation and take appropriate action to address the state of affairs. Shortly thereafter, we resigned our lath positions and notified MAO that we were terminating our relationship with them."
The Blow Out and Backlash
In the aftermath of the leaked e-mail scandal, Miss Due north Carolina 1991, Jennifer Vaden Barth, started a petition calling for the resignation of all board members involved in the appalling behavior. Mallory Hagan along with more than 40 former Miss Americas signed it.
Haskell was promptly placed on break pending an investigation, and inside days, Haddad and Haskell resigned, constructive immediately. Josh Randle and Lynn Weidner voluntarily resigned from their positions as President and Chairman, respectively, simply agreed to remain for up to xc days to assistance with the leadership transition.
Haskell's Concluding Defense
Haskell defended himself: "Much of what was reported is quack, deceptive and despicable. The cloth is based on individual emails that were stolen … The story is so unkind and untrue and hurts me, my family and the stewardship of this non-turn a profit. I was nether stress from a total year of attacks by two Miss Americas…"
"This was not the CEO of an organization laughing at inappropriate jokes. This was a father whose family was being attacked, and a man whose character was being assassinated daily, and that impaired my judgment when responding to the inappropriate emails. For that, I deeply repent."
Caressa Cameron Speaks Out
Former Miss Americas, such as Caressa Cameron who was crowned in 2010, noted that the arrangement's issues were a lack of respect and leadership and not language. Cameron revealed that simply 30 days into her reign, she experienced problems with Haskell.
When she wanted to invite her previous charabanc to her homecoming party, she recalled, "Sam Haskell said I was non to invite her. She could not come. He basically threw a atmosphere tantrum, and so he didn't come." She was also prevented from participating in events related to her HIV/AIDS prevention platform.
Gretchen Carlson Seizes an Opportunity
Among the most song of the one-time Miss Americas, Gretchen Carlson and Kate Shindle both made themselves targets of Haskell and company's attacks. Both took to Twitter to phone call for a "thorough housecleaning of the board."
A growing consensus wanted Carlson and Shindle to take the helm and run the MAO. Carlson was elected Chairwoman of the Board of Directors on January i, 2018. Erstwhile titleholders filled the remaining board openings on an acting basis while Carlson was supposed to deport a national search for the new CEO.
Regina Hopper Gets Her Manner
On May 17, 2018, a new form of scandal hit when Gretchen Carlson installed Regina Hopper, one of the email whistleblowers, as President and CEO of the Miss America Organization. State organizations and one-time Miss Americas were upset that a national search had not been conducted, equally Gretchen promised. In result, a leadership coup had occurred within the organization.
As office of the restructuring, Carlson pushed for a Miss America two.0 that would no longer exist a pageant just a scholarship "competition," featuring "candidates" instead of contestants. She also removed the swimsuit contest from the program.
Pushing People Out
Nearly half of the nine-person MAO board was pushed to resign after fewer than six months in the position. Onetime winners Kate Shindle and Laura Kaeppeler Fleiss resigned in June, citing "toxic civilisation" as the reason behind their departure.
The previously signed resignation letters from their acting roles were used confronting Erstwhile Miss Northward Carolina, Jennifer Vaden Barth, and Former Miss Maine, Valerie Crooker Clemens, to force their resignations. They reported to The Wall Street Journal that Carlson issued a letter stating they were trying to gain command of the organization in order to force them out.
The Bikini Has to Go
While the swimsuit competition had long been a sticking point for pageant protestors, many felt that removing it in light of the #MeToo movement was a cop-out. Miss South Carolina 2011, who has recovered from an eating disorder she developed during her contest days, said:
"I think the Miss America Organization could accept done something a fiddling bit different and embraced people of all shapes and sizes. To me, taking it abroad completely says, 'If y'all're not that size, y'all don't belong in a swimsuit.' We accept to change people's mindsets and let them know women are beautiful at all shapes and sizes."
A Scholarship Competition Without Scholarship Funds
In the weeks leading up to Miss America 2019 (held in September 2018), Miss America 1991, Marjorie Vincent Tripp, resigned as caput of the Miss America Foundation. In part, she made the determination considering she claimed the scholarship money awarded to Miss America was the foundation's responsibility.
The problem with that is 15 land directors reported their winners were refusing to sign the competition contract because of the clause that says scholarship money is "contingent upon availability of funds in any given year." Miss America 1984, Suzette Charles, said, "It's a joke. You can go on any game show and win more than what Miss America is offering."
Cara Mund'southward Slip of the Tongue
In July, Miss America 2018, Cara Mund, made a comment at a New Jersey Dairy Queen advent: "It's been a tough year. At that place have been a lot of things I tin't control. It has felt like I wasn't always heard or utilized or appreciated."
She claims she was notified within 72 hours of her punishment for speaking out. "I was told my concluding bye every bit Miss America would be cutting to a total of 30 seconds for the national telecast." She went on to write a letter of the alphabet revealing the torment and bullying she suffered at the hands of Carlson, Hopper and Adams.
Cara Peels Dorsum the Curtain
In her letter to past contestants, Cara Mund asserted that "new leadership delivered an important message. There volition be simply 1 Miss America at a time, and she isn't me." Instead, Gretchen Carlson would be the focus of all Mund'due south public talking points, including the merits that the "#MeToo movement started with Carlson's lawsuit."
The motility actually started with Tarana Burke in 2006 and was boosted to viral status in 2017 past Alyssa Milano. Past the end of her reign, Mund was only allowed to mail on her own personal social media sites. MAO posted for her on all Miss America accounts.
Blaming the Victim
The organization responded to Mund's claims by proverb she had opportunities to give her stance and manage her own social media accounts. Nevertheless, they likewise issued the statement, "It is disappointing that she chose to air her grievances publicly, not privately."
In a Twitter response, Carlson denied the accusations of bullying and blamed Mund's letter of the alphabet for costing the organization a $75,000 scholarship. An contained external review attributed "miscommunications and mixed messages" as the eye of the bug betwixt Mund and MAO: "Communications surrounding branding, clothing and appearance were less than clear and created confusion and frustration."
The States Raise Objections
Pennsylvania, New York and New Bailiwick of jersey, forth with 19 other state pageant organizations, chosen for the resignations of Regina Hopper and Gretchen Carlson as well as the entire board in a vote of "no confidence" for "lack of transparency and adherence to best practices."
Among their allegations were claims that leadership lied when they said ABC would not telecast the competition unless the swimsuit plan was eliminated. State directors also objected to the contract clause that gave Hopper the unilateral right to "cause whatever state titleholder to forfeit her land championship" without due process or the right to appeal.
Ruling with an Fe Fist
With the revolt of state organizations and a GoFundMe page started by Jennifer Vaden Barth to raise funds to legally replace the board, the Miss America Organization took decisive action, retaliating in a shocking manner by swiftly terminating the licenses of seven states.
The states cut off included Georgia, New Jersey, New York and Tennessee. The terminations required them to supervene upon their current leadership and plough scholarship bank accounts over to the Miss America Organization. They as well began threatening 15 other state organizations with probation and were quick to praise the states that were withal supporting the current MAO leadership.
Doubling Down on Poor Word Choices
A September 2019 press release for a new scholarship doubled-down on the swimsuit controversy by stating, "In reaching out to the Miss America System, the donor fabricated articulate the important reason for the generous gift. As a young woman who wanted to compete in a local Miss America competition in the 1980s, she was discouraged by her parents because they believed 'Miss America does non look like us, and an educated woman does not parade effectually in a swimsuit.'"
Cara Mund responded via Instagram, "Female empowerment doesn't mean insulting, alienating and discrediting the thousands of women who paved the style." Bite the paw that feeds you much, Cara?
Gretchen Carlson Resigns
Afterwards securing a new network partnership with NBC, Gretchen Carlson resigned from her position every bit board chairwoman in June 2019. She stated, "The fourth dimension is platonic to give new leadership the opportunity to move forward with what has been accomplished."
Carlson was replaced by one-time South Dakota secretary of state Shantel Krebs with attorney Brenda Keith serving equally vice-chair. Subsequently instituting new leadership in the terminated state organizations, all 50 states, plus D.C., were eligible to compete in the 2020 contest on December 19, 2019. The swimsuit and evening gown portions of the issue are nonetheless non office of the competition.
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